Books of the Bible 

Create Date: 22-Apr-2020

Old and New Testament, and the Apocrypha

Last updated: 15-Jul-2026

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Sections
 
1 Expositional Consistency
2 The Books of the Entire Bible
3 Other Books Mentioned in the Scriptures
4 Proof the Apocrypha is NOT the Word of God

1. Expositional Consistency

It has been noted by at least one prominent Biblical Scholar that the way to lead people away from the truth of the scriptures is to present other ways to supposedly reach God.  The world has many religions that present themselves as being the truth and also have tenants that are admirable and worthy but the only religion in the world that states that mankind is incapable of reaching God by actions of their own is Christianity. 

When the great Patriarchs gathered to evaluate a document and see if it inspired and worthy of being in the canon, then we know that God participated, guided and guarded the process.  The proof:

  1. There are 66 books of over 40 authors are harmonized with the same terms, idioms, and double patterns.
  2. There are encryptions known by the ancient Rabbis, with more being found by computer algorithms, that are verification.
Isaiah 28:10 For it is precept on precept, precept on precept; line on line, line on line; here a little, there a little.
Isaiah 28:13 Therefore the word of Yahweh will be to them precept on precept, precept on precept; line on line, line on line; here a little, there a little; that they may go, fall backward, be broken, be snared, and be taken.

Additionally, it has to be noted that the history recorded in the Books of the Bible have continuously been proved to correct.  Skeptics, critics and those against the Word of God have unsuccessfully tried many attempts to discredit and find problems with the Books of the Bible so the approach often used is to take scriptures out of context, and/or site there is no proof of historical peoples and cities existing. 

Fortunately, archeology has been steadily finding more and more corroboration that verifies the history recorded in the Bible.  See the topic on Archeological Writings to compare the Bible against other ancient writing that include other religious works.

Notes:

  1. The Tanakh is the Hebrew name for the Jewish Scriptural Books
  2. The Bible is the Christian's scriptural books that contains the Old and New Testament.
  3. The Apocrypha are fictional historical writings venerated by Roman Catholics:
    (a) To somehow and unsuccessfully prove their is a place that the Roman Catholic calls Purgatory.
    (b) To contradict the Old Testament and New Testament with prayers for the dead will be honored by God which they will not as read in Hebrews 9:27.
    (c) To allowing the Roman Catholic Clergy to be able to sell Indulgences to forgive sins for someone alive or dead that negates payment on the Cross by Jesus Christ. 
    (d) Are clearly gross exaggerations and contain contradictions in the Apocrypha.
    (e) Directly contradicts the completed work of Jesus Christ on the Cross for the restitution payment for sins of a person who accepts through God's Grace only.  God initiates the Salvation Process, and our works in life (not death) have the benefits in our Earthly life and then permanent rewards in Heaven.

    Notes on the blasphemy Indulgence selling by the Roman Catholic Clergy:
    (1) Were sold with the promise that even if a person is in lower Sheol (Hell), awaiting the Great White Thrown of Judgment, that the purchase of an Indulgence will free them from Hell and allow them to go Purgatory and then eventually go to Heaven.
    (2) Were sold with the promise that the person alive or dead would receive more rewards in Heaven.
    (3) Several websites from Roman Catholic sources will state indulgences are no longer sold, was a myth (deception), or were replaced by penance. Restitution is applicable for fixing sinful actions, but never penance.

    It is this author's opinion to not even own a copy, as the Apocrypha violates Deuteronomy 4:2 and Revelation 22:18-19.

    Deuteronomy 4:2 Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish from it, that ye may keep the commandments of Jehovah your God which I command you.
    Hebrews 9:25-28 25 Nor did He enter heaven to offer Himself again and again, as the high priest enters the Most Holy Place every year with blood that is not his own. 26 Otherwise, Christ would have had to suffer repeatedly since the foundation of the world. But now He has appeared once for all at the end of the ages to do away with sin by the sacrifice of Himself. 27 Just as man is appointed to die once, and after that to face judgment, 28 so also Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many; and He will appear a second time, not to bear sin, but to bring salvation to those who eagerly await Him.
    Revelation 22:18-19 18 I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto them, God shall add unto him the plagues which are written in this book: 19 and if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part from the tree of life, and out of the holy city, which are written in this book.
  4. There are subtle differences between Tanakh and Christian Bible with the same content.  
    (a) Samuel is two books in the Christian Faith.
    (b) Kings is two books in the Christian Faith.
    (c) Chronicles is two books in the Christian Faith.
    (d) Chagai and Haggai are the same book.
    (e) Song of Songs is the same book as Song of Solomon.
    (f) Ezra and Nehemiah are split into two books in the Christian Faith.
    Note that the Roman Catholic Bible that many deliberate changes that are blasphemy against God.

2. The Books of the Entire Bible

The Apocrypha is NOT canonical and NOT inspired scripture.  It is on a historical writing and is listed in this topic because or Roman Catholic incorrect reverence.

    Tanakh           Christian     Apocrypha
    Hebrew Bible Category Contains       Bible     Historical Writings
1 1 Genesis Torah       1 Genesis   1 1 Esdras
2 2 Exodus Torah       2 Exodus   2 2 Esdras
3 3 Leviticus Torah       3 Leviticus   3 Tobit
4 4 Numbers Torah       4 Numbers   4 Judith
5 5 Deuteronomy Torah       5 Deuteronomy   5 Wisdom of Solomon
6 6 Joshua Prophets       6 Joshua   6 Ecclesiasticus
7 7 Judges Prophets       7 Judges   7 Baruch
8 8 Samuel Prophets       8 Ruth   8 Letter of Jeremiah
9 9 Kings Prophets       9 1 Samuel   9 Prayer of Manasseh
10 10 Isaiah Prophets       10 2 Samuel   10 1 Maccabees
11 11 Jeremiah Prophets       11 1 Kings   11 2 Maccabees
12 12 Ezekiel Prophets       12 2 Kings      
13   The Twelve Prophets       13 1 Chronicles      
  13 1 Minor Prophets Hoshea     14 2 Chronicles      
  14 2 Minor Prophets Joel     15 Ezra      
  15 3 Minor Prophets Amos     16 Nehemiah      
  16 4 Minor Prophets Obadiah     17 Esther      
  17 5 Minor Prophets Jonah     18 Job      
  18 6 Minor Prophets Micah     19 Psalms      
  19 7 Minor Prophets Nahum     20 Proverbs      
  20 8 Minor Prophets Habakkuk     21 Ecclesiastes      
  21 9 Minor Prophets Zephaniah     22 Song of Solomon      
  22 10 Minor Prophets Chagai     23 Isaiah      
  23 11 Minor Prophets Zechariah     24 Jeremiah      
  24 12 Minor Prophets Malachi     25 Lamentations      
14 25 Psalms Writings       26 Ezekiel      
15 26 Proverbs Writings       27 Daniel      
16 27 Job Writings       28 Hosea      
17 28 Song of Songs Writings       29 Joel      
18 29 Ruth Writings       30 Amos      
19 30 Lamentations Writings       31 Obadiah      
20 31 Ecclesiastes Writings       32 Jonah      
21 32 Esther Writings       33 Micah      
22 33 Daniel Writings       34 Nahum      
23 34 Ezra & Nehemiah Writings       35 Habakkuk      
24 35 Chronicles Writings       36 Zephaniah      
              37 Haggai      
              38 Zechariah      
              39 Malachi      
            1 40 Matthew New Testament Books
            2 41 Mark      
            3 42 Luke      
            4 43 John      
            5 44 Acts      
            6 45 Romans      
            7 46 1 Corinthians      
            8 47 2 Corinthians      
            9 48 Galatians      
            10 49 Ephesians      
            11 50 Philippians      
            12 51 Colossians      
            13 52 1 Thessalonians      
            14 53 2 Thessalonians      
            15 54 1 Timothy      
            16 55 2 Timothy      
            17 56 Titus      
            18 57 Philemon      
            19 58 Hebrews      
            20 59 James      
            21 60 1 Peter      
            21 61 2 Peter      
            21 62 1 John      
            21 63 2 John      
            21 64 3 John      
            21 65 Jude      
            21 66 Revelation      

3. Other Books Mentioned in the Scriptures

The scriptures have several mentions of other Books.  We do not have copies of these books, albeit a proposed copy of the Book of Jashar which most Biblical Scholars state is contrived.

These are the five major book references in the scriptures that we do not have copies:

  1. The Books were opened in Revelation 20:12, where one of them is the Book of Life.   (Notice that Books is plural, more than one.)
  2. The Book of Jashar in Joshua 10:13 and 2 Samuel 1:18.
  3. The Book of Wars of the Lord in Numbers 21:14 - 15.
  4. The Books on Seven Divisions in Joshua 18:9.
  5. The Book with Seven Seals in Revelation 5:1.

4. Proof the Apocrypha is NOT the Word of God

The Apocrypha is not the Word of God for many reasons:
  1. The Apocrypha was rejected by the Rabbis before and after Jesus Christ, so it was not something that the Roman Catholics insist that Protestants are rejecting to be aversive to Catholicism.
  2. Flavius Josephus wrote that Israel does not recognize the four books.
    Screen capture from: Flavius Josephus, Against Apion 1.37-1.42
  3. There are no references by the Hellenistic Jewish Philosopher Philo of any of the verses in Apocrypha the books.
  4. Justin, who was murdered for the Christian Faith in the year 163AD, does not have any references to the Apocrypha books and verses.
  5. There are hundreds of references and inferences to the Old Testament scriptures, but not one of the Apocrypha book's verses.
  6. In the Fourth Century, the Bishop of Caesarea Eusebius states there is no other "sacred" books other than the one already known that do not include the Apocrypha books and verses.
  7. At the council of Nice, with 318 Bishops and numerous other Christians from churches all over the Roman Empire, the Apocrypha is not acknowledged as part of the cannon.
  8. Athanasius, in 340AD, also states that the only books of the scriptures are the ones known, and NOT the Apocrypha.
  9. The Roman Catholic Church did NOT recognize the books of the Apocrypha as inspired until the Council of Trent 1546 for reasons to justify their traditions and the ability to sell indulgences (widely in use in the 13th century) for sins because of the Catholic teaching that most, not all, people have to undergo punishment for sins before entering Heaven which negates Jesus Christ's payment for sins. 
    (a) Jerome stated in 400AD that the books were only good for possibly establishing Christine doctrine, which in one possible reference for the Council of 1546 to approve them as part of the Roman Catholic cannon, while ignoring too many other inconsistencies in the message, no patterns of encryptions that are throughout the Old and New Testament, and also taking away from God's glory to the writer of the books.
    (b) The Apocrypha has references to purgatory and prayers for the Dead.
    (c) The Apocrypha has references to a person must do works in their life to have Salvation, which is against the completed work of Jesus Christ at the Crucifixion that is our Salvation.  Our works contribute to our rewards in Heaven only!
    2 Maccabees 12:44–46 Praying for the dead with sin offerings and explicit reference to purification before a person's resurrection (clearly blasphemy as sins were paid for by Jesus Christ!)

    44 (For if he had not hoped that they that were slain should rise again, it would have seemed superfluous and vain to pray for the dead,) 45 And because he considered that they who had fallen asleep with godliness, had great grace laid up for them. 46 It is therefore a holy and wholesome thought to pray for the dead, that they may be loosed from sins.
  10. The word "apkruptw", Greek for Apocrypha, which gave the name for the books means to hide or conceal.  This gives the connotation of something missing.
  11. In the Apocrypha book of Esdras over emphasizes his own lineage and the phrase "Thus saith the Lord" where the writer is giving himself the same authority as Moses.
  12. In the Apocrypha book of Tobit, there is an interview with an Angel, which is actually blaspheme against God's authority, honor, and use as of Angels as messengers, protectors (guardian), and warriors only.
  13. One of many great website links is this link: Why the Apocrypha is not Canonical Scripture – Purely Presbyterian

What to read next?

What is Salvation?  Is it is possible to lose Salvation?  We have eternal life Evolution is not real.  When a Christian suffers is there benefits from it.  Rewards in heaven.  Do we Tithe?  What does the 3rd Commandment tell us?  What is Grace and Mercy?  Is there a place of unending punishment and exile form God?